2 10 11 https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/dbva/files/original/56c7ffe433d211c444fcedb688c08a29.jpg 03fa6acef1fca6d96a5376abd2078d8d https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/dbva/files/original/cd30eae4aada6fa0a8c719f27b290d91.pdf 442944117e94bc2c47a7cd3e016f994f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Development of the Industrial United States Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1870-1900 Description An account of the resource From Reconstruction to the end of the 19th century, the United States went through a dramatic shift in its economic landscape. Industrialization changed not only the nature of business, but also brought technological advances and demand for an ever-increasing workforce. A rapid expansion of the power of big business was countered with the rise of labor movements, and often resulted in conflict, sometimes violent in nature. In contrast to the positive outcomes of technological developments, there were ecological effects not understood at the time, and unhealthy working conditions that often sparked big labor disputes and strikes. This shift was felt not only in the industrial big cities of the North and Midwest, but also in the realm of farming, where the United States was now put into the role of the world’s premier food producer. <br /><br />This era is defined largely by unprecedented immigration and urbanization, both of which fed the industrial system. Immigrants, for the first time, were less and less likely to come from Western Europe, now coming from Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia, Mexico, and Central America. Along with the need for expanding educational systems, which were often structured to push assimilation, the rise in immigration also led to religious tensions as Protestantism was no longer the dominating faith of immigrants. At the same time as immigrants were flooding the ports of the United States, the government launched wars against the Plains Indians, forcing the “second great removal” and defining a federal Indian policy that would last for decades.<br /><br />Learn more in the <a title="This external link will open in a new window." href="http://www.nchs.ucla.edu/history-standards/us-history-content-standards/united-states-era-6" target="_blank">National U.S. History Content Standards</a>. Lesson Plan A resource that gives a detailed description of a course of instruction. Context This photograph depicts a woman and a child sitting on a sofa. The woman is holding a book, presumably reading to the child. <br /><br />In earlier eras books were an expensive luxury only afforded by a very few. The advent of the printing press made it easier to produce books; however, it was far easier to mass produce newspapers, pamphlets, and other ephemera. The time that went into creating a full length book made it necessary for publishers to pick and choose which books to print and what areas to cover. This caused many publishers to choose extremely specialized topics such as religion or education. As industrialization progressed it became far cheaper and easier to print a wider variety of books for a more general audience. These books were called “trade publications” and were printed by many publishers, some of which launched in the late 1800s or early 1900s. <br /><br />Despite this progress in the publishing world, book prices were still too expensive for some readers. For some their literary needs would be met by the advent of pulp magazines in the 1890s, fiction magazines printed on extremely cheap wood pulp paper. This material, paired with more efficient printing presses, made these magazines very inexpensive and thus more accessible to the average person. <br /><br /><em>Citation: Jet and C.H.D., n.d., Visual Studies Collection, Harry C. Mann Photograph Collection, Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.</em> Suggested Questions Analyze: How do you think the wider publication of a diverse amount of books affected Virginians and the United States? Would it make it easier for people to become educated? How did this have an effect on writers? <br /><br />Artistic Exploration: Examine the photograph closely. What can you speculate about the economic status of the mother and child in the picture, and how might this have any effect on the "point" of the photograph? Be specific. Standards VS.1, VS.8, USII.1, USII.4, VUS.1, VUS.8, VUS.9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Woman and Child Reading, Photograph, n.d. Economics Popular Culture