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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Fact Sheets for Download
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1882
Birthplace
Richmond
Death Date
1957
Occupation
Community Activist and Suffragist
Biographical Text
After graduating from a segregated Fredericksburg school at age thirteen, Ora Brown Stokes (11 June 1882–19 December 1957) trained as a teacher at Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (later Virginia State University). She married a Baptist pastor and settled in Richmond, where she quickly became involved in church and community work. In 1912 she founded the Richmond Neighborhood Association, a social service organization for young African American women, and in 1916 founded the National Protective League for Negro Girls. Stokes studied at the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy, and in 1918 became the first African America woman probation officer in Richmond. <br /><br />Stokes understood the importance of voting rights for women to effect social change and after the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in August 1920, she and Richmond banker Maggie L. Walker led a massive voter registration drive that enabled almost 2,500 African American women to register. Segregated in city hall's crowded basement, African American women were sometimes turned away after standing in line all day. Stokes helped organize a phone system to alert women when to come in to register. She was one of the few African American women who attended conventions of the National League of Women Voters during the 1920s, and was Virginia state chair of the National League of Republican Colored Women. <br /><br />In the 1920s Stokes lectured across the country on such topics as the welfare of children, racial uplift, political rights, and temperance. During the last decade of her life, she worked as the only African American field organizer for the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Library of Virginia.
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Title
A name given to the resource
Ora Brown Stokes
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Ora Brown Stokes was a lifelong advocate for the rights of African American women.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1890
Birthplace
Clarke County
Death Date
1979
Occupation
Suffragist and Labor Economist
Biographical Text
Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon (August 2, 1890–November 24, 1979) grew up in a Quaker Community in Clarke County and attended a Quaker school in nearby Loudoun County before graduating from Swarthmore College in 1913. While a student she began taking part in woman suffrage events and in 1917 she went to work as a field organizer for the National American Woman Suffrage Association in New York and South Dakota. Late in 1918 the association sent Pidgeon to Virginia to assist with the Equal Suffrage League's campaign to gather tens of thousands of signatures in support of a woman suffrage amendment to the U. S. Constitution. An energetic and capable canvasser, Pidgeon enrolled supporters in the northern counties where she had grown up, in eastern Virginia, and in southwestern part of the state until 1920. <br /><br />In anticipation of ratification, the Equal Suffrage League created citizenship schools in cooperation with the University of Virginia's Extension Bureau and named Pidgeon as state director. She directed the schools, which were held around the state to educate women about voting and public policy, until 1926. She was particularly interested in government efficiency and earned a master's degree in political science from the university in 1924. She joined the Women's Bureau of the Department of Labor in 1928, directing its influential research division and the economic studies section. Pidgeon wrote or co-wrote about 30 reports on women in various workplace settings out of the almost 200 official reports issued by the Woman's Bureau before she retired in 1956.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Bryn Mawr College, Special Collections.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Labor economist Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon began her career as an organizer for woman suffrage.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1873
Birthplace
Portsmouth
Death Date
1927
Occupation
Community Activist and Suffragist
Biographical Text
Josephine Mathews Norcom (January 16, 1873–April 27, 1927) grew up in Wytheville and graduated from the Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (later Virginia State University), in 1889. She taught school in Salem, Lynchburg, and Pulaski County before she married and moved to Portsmouth. Norcom believed that women were called to improve their communities and she embraced many of the causes of the Progressive movement, including public education, public health, and the living and working conditions of African American women and men. A founder of the Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Norcom advocated for the establishment of an industrial school for African American girls that opened in Hanover County in 1915 and provided education and vocational training to girls who otherwise would have been sent to prison. <br /><br />Norcom was a member of the resolutions committee at the 1916 National Association of Colored Women convention when it endorsed the proposed amendment to the United States Constitution to guarantee women's right to vote. Norcom publicly advocated woman suffrage in the face of anti-suffrage arguments that voting rights for women would jeopardize white political control of Virginia if African American women could vote. After the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920, she joined a local Woman's Republican League and likely helped women register to vote in Newport News, where she then lived. <br /><br />Norcom later worked as executive secretary for segregated branches of the Young Women's Christian Association in Cincinnati and Detroit and after her death in 1927 the Detroit YWCA opened Camp Norcom for African American girls.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
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Title
A name given to the resource
Josephine Mathews Norcom
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Josephine Norcom advocated educational opportunities and equal rights for African American women and men.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1851
Birthplace
Richmond
Death Date
1928
Occupation
Suffragist
Biographical Text
Growing up in Massachusetts, Sophie Gooding Rose Meredith (December 12, 1851–August 27, 1928) was educated in the Quaker values of racial and gender equality and peace. She married a lawyer from Richmond and settled there. As her children grew up she began advocating improvements to the city's public schools and joined the Richmond Education Association. <br /><br />In 1909 Meredith was one of about twenty socially prominent women who founded the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia. Believing that in a democracy "all the people, not one-half the people, may make the laws that we must all live under," she argued that women could help elect legislators to pass laws that would make the world a better place. Meredith served as one of the league's vice presidents until 1915, when she organized the Virginia branch of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (later the National Woman's Party), which had been established to advocate a woman suffrage amendment to the United States Constitution. After Virginia's General Assembly had defeated proposals to amend the state constitution three times, Meredith believed that a federal amendment would be the quickest way to achieve voting rights for women. <br /><br />Despite being in her sixties, Meredith joined the National Woman's Party pickets at the White House, who stood with banners criticizing the president for not supporting woman suffrage, and was arrested in 1918 for demonstrating at Lafayette Park. After the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920, Meredith continued to chair the Virginia branch of the National Woman's Party and advocated an equal rights amendment until her death.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Library of Congress.
Audio clip: excerpt from Sophie Meredith's June 28, 1916, speech to the Virginia branch, Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, read by Library of Virginia staff.
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Title
A name given to the resource
Sophie G. Meredith
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Sophie G. Meredith was an advocate for equal suffrage and women's rights.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1851
Birthplace
Lynchburg
Death Date
1946
Occupation
Suffragist
Biographical Text
Elizabeth Dabney Langhorne Lewis (December 9, 1851–January 30, 1946) had long been active in cultural and charitable organizations when she founded the Equal Suffrage League of Lynchburg in 1910, one of the earliest local branches of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia. She served as president of the Lynchburg league until 1920 and was a vice president of the state league from 1911 to 1920, when the Nineteenth Amendment guaranteeing women's right to vote was ratified. <br /><br />Believing that a "woman's qualification for citizenship is as valid as the man's," Lewis argued that women were entitled to equal suffrage. She devoted her energy to the cause during the 1910s, traveling around southern Virginia to make public speeches and organize local leagues in the effort to secure a woman suffrage amendment to the state constitution. She addressed committees of the House of Delegates in 1912 and 1914, when the General Assembly considered, but did not pass, such an amendment. Lewis also participated in public events, including the March 1913 national suffrage parade in Washington, D.C., where she helped carry the Virginia banner. In August 1917 she and her daughter Elizabeth Otey, who was then a member of the National Woman's Party, joined other suffragists in picketing the White House. <br /><br />When the Virginia League of Voters was organized after ratification in 1920, Lewis was elected to the board of directors and in 1926 was elected president. She also served as the first president of the Lynchburg league from 1920 to the mid-1930s. In 1931 Lewis's name was included on the national league's honor roll in recognition of her work.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of the Lynchburg Museum System. <br />Audio clip: excerpt from Elizabeth Lewis's January 19, 1912, speech to a committee of the Virginia House of Delegates printed in<em> </em>the Equal Suffrage League's pamphlet, <em>Make Your Women Free</em>, read by Library of Virginia staff.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Elizabeth Dabney Langhorne Lewis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Elizabeth Lewis founded the Equal Suffrage League of Lynchburg.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1864
Birthplace
Staunton
Death Date
1951
Occupation
Social Reformer and Suffragist
Biographical Text
Growing up in Staunton, Fannie Stratton Bayly King (September 27, 1864–January 13, 1951) attended the academically rigorous Augusta Female Seminary. She became active in many community improvement projects and organizations, supporting public health work and serving as president of the local branch of the Co-Operative Education Association that worked to improve public education. She helped found the Staunton Civic Club in 1911 and served as president of the Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs, an organization that frustrated her when it refused to endorse voting rights for women. <br /><br />King believed strongly in woman suffrage and was elected president of the Staunton Equal Suffrage League in 1913. The league distributed literature, encouraged public suffrage debates, and wrote legislators and congressmen. King arranged for prominent suffrage speakers to visit Staunton and she also spoke to local groups. After her speech to the Working Men's Fraternal Association, she later recalled that her "male relatives and friends crossed the street or dodged into stores to keep from speaking to such a bold bad woman!!!" King withdrew from her work after her only child died in 1917, but after the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified she participated in the founding of the League of Women Voters and served on the Children's Code Commission, which recommended numerous legislative reforms passed by the General Assembly. <br /><br />A supporter of public libraries for most of her life, King donated her house, Kalorama, to the city for use as the public library, and continued to live there in an upstairs apartment until her death.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Staunton Public Library.
Audio clip: excerpt from Fannie King's letter to former Equal Suffrage League secretary Ida M. Thompson, ca. 1936, read by Library of Virginia staff.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Fannie Bayly King
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
Civic leader Fannie B. King encouraged educational and public health reforms in addition to advocating woman suffrage.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020 Virginia Women in History Honoree
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Title
A name given to the resource
Contemporary United States
Description
An account of the resource
This era is, in large part, a study of the United States as a global power – politically, economically and militarily. The detente with the Communist China under Nixon begins a shift in our “Domino Theory” in Asia. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the overthrow of communist governments in Eastern Europe, and the end of the Cold War and the nuclear arms race also changed how the United States interacted with Europe. At the same time, intervention and actions increased in our own hemisphere and in the Middle East. Terrorism also became a driving force behind foreign policy.
Politically, there was a shift away from liberalism for much of this time period. Political scandals such as Watergate and Iran-Contra were treated differently than previous scandals, thanks in large part to an increase in television coverage. The governmental role in the economy, environmental protection, social welfare, and more shifted greatly during this time period and that role, and its scope, are still being debated today.
Socially, this time period saw for the first time immigration primarily from Asia and Central America. A new wave of reform movements promoted environmental, feminist, and civil rights agendas. There was also a resurgence of religious evangelicalism. Technological advances once again redefined not only the economic landscape of America, but also the lives of everyday citizens.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-Present
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1946
Birthplace
Fairfax County
Death Date
2004
Occupation
Community Activist
Biographical Text
<p>Sharifa Alkhateeb (June 6, 1946–October 21, 2004) was born into the only Muslim family in her neighborhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. When confronted with different ways of thinking or living, she saw an opportunity to learn and grow. At the University of Pennsylvania, where she earned a degree in English literature, Alkhateeb joined the Muslim Student Association and began wearing a headscarf. Surrounded by the burgeoning feminist movement of the 1960s, she cultivated her own voice as an activist and leader on behalf of Muslim women. She later earned a master's degree in comparative religion from Norwich University in Vermont. </p>
<p>After moving to Fairfax County in 1988 she continued her work to create a better understanding of Islamic life and became known as a spokesperson on Muslim women in the United States. She founded the North American Council for Muslim Women and served as president of the Muslim Education Council. Working with Fairfax County Public Schools, she led a successful effort to offer Arabic as a foreign language in some high schools, served as a diversity trainer, and helped produce a monthly television program, <i>Middle Eastern Parenting</i>. In 2000 Alkhateeb started the Peaceful Families Project, a nationwide effort to research and raise awareness of domestic violence in Muslim communities. She participated in the Community Resilience Project of Northern Virginia to provide crisis counseling following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Shortly before her death from cancer, the Islamic Society of North America honored Alkhateeb with its Community Service Recognition Award.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2019</a></span> <span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span></p>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Maha Alkhateeb.
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Title
A name given to the resource
Sharifa Alkhateeb
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
As an activist, leader, scholar, writer, and educator, Sharifa Alkhateeb worked tirelessly to strengthen communities and bridge Islamic and American cultures.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019 Virginia Women in History Honoree
Community Leadership and Philanthropy
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Title
A name given to the resource
Contemporary United States
Description
An account of the resource
This era is, in large part, a study of the United States as a global power – politically, economically and militarily. The detente with the Communist China under Nixon begins a shift in our “Domino Theory” in Asia. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the overthrow of communist governments in Eastern Europe, and the end of the Cold War and the nuclear arms race also changed how the United States interacted with Europe. At the same time, intervention and actions increased in our own hemisphere and in the Middle East. Terrorism also became a driving force behind foreign policy.
Politically, there was a shift away from liberalism for much of this time period. Political scandals such as Watergate and Iran-Contra were treated differently than previous scandals, thanks in large part to an increase in television coverage. The governmental role in the economy, environmental protection, social welfare, and more shifted greatly during this time period and that role, and its scope, are still being debated today.
Socially, this time period saw for the first time immigration primarily from Asia and Central America. A new wave of reform movements promoted environmental, feminist, and civil rights agendas. There was also a resurgence of religious evangelicalism. Technological advances once again redefined not only the economic landscape of America, but also the lives of everyday citizens.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-Present
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
1941
Birthplace
Charlottesville
Death Date
2007
Occupation
Women's Sports Advocate
Biographical Text
Growing up, Claudia Lane Dodson (August 31, 1941–August 18, 2007) loved to play sports, and she lettered in basketball, field hockey, and lacrosse while earning her degree in physical education at Westhampton College of the University of Richmond in 1963. After completing her master's degree at the University of Tennessee, she chaired the girls' physical education department at a Chesterfield County high school. In 1971 she became programs supervisor for girls' athletics for the Virginia High School League, which then sponsored only one statewide competition for girls. <br /><br />Dedicated to developing opportunities for girls' athletics, Dodson fought the perception that providing opportunities for girls meant decreasing those available for boys. She pushed for every high school to offer two sports for girls during each of three athletic seasons and to offer regional and state finals in all of them. The number of girls playing high school sports in Virginia increased from about 8,100 in 1972 to more than 30,000 in 1982. At the time of her retirement in 2002, the VHSL offered 31 state championships for girls. Dodson was one of the first two women appointed to the National Basketball Committee of the United States and Canada. In 1996 she helped found WinS (Women in Sports) to support and recognize female athletes in the Charlottesville area. <br /><br />The National Interscholastic Athletic Administrators Association honored her contributions to high school sports with its Distinguished Service Award in 1996. The VHSL renamed its Sportsmanship, Ethics, and Integrity Award in Dodson's honor in 2007.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2019</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of the Library of Virginia.
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Claudia L. Dodson
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
As a programs supervisor for the Virginia High School League, Claudia L. Dodson was dedicated to developing opportunities for girls' athletics across the state.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019 Virginia Women in History Honoree
Sports and Media
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Emergence of Modern America
Description
An account of the resource
The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans.
With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade.
Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890-1930
Person
An individual.
Birth Date
ca. 1879
Birthplace
King William County
Death Date
1950
Occupation
Educator
Biographical Text
Born in rural King and Queen County, India Hamilton (ca. 1879–April 18, 1950) displayed an unwavering passion for teaching and learning throughout her life. She studied at Howard University, in Washington, D.C., and in 1913 began teaching at a two-room segregated school in King William County. For almost 20 years she was also the county's Jeanes supervisor and received support from the Jeanes Fund, which was set up in 1907 by Philadelphia philanthropist Anna Jeanes to improve education for African American youth in rural schools. Fulfilling the informal motto of Jeanes supervisors of "doing the next needed thing," Hamilton helped her community raise money for school improvements and new buildings, including the King William Training School, which provided manual training in addition to academics. She advocated longer school terms and implemented an annual Exhibit Day to showcase the work of the county's African American students. <br /><br />Hamilton's work extended beyond King William as chair of the Better Schools Program of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, a grassroots community advocacy association at Hampton Institute. She promoted collaborations between local teachers and nearby colleges for workshops and improvement projects and served on the executive committee of the Virginia State Teachers Association. <br /><br />In 1952 King William County formally recognized Hamilton, who was known as "the children's friend," when it named Hamilton-Holmes High School in honor of her and Samuel B. Holmes, a fellow education pioneer. The Negro Organization Society also named its India Hamilton Camp on the York River in her honor.<br /><br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2019</a></span><span> </span><span>Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia.</span>
Bibliography
Image Courtesy of Dr. Alvin Lomax.
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India Hamilton
Subject
The topic of the resource
Virginia Women in History
Description
An account of the resource
As a teacher, India Hamilton continuously pushed for the expansion, implementation, and improvement of educational opportunities for African American students.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019 Virginia Women in History Honoree
Education